abcd5836 2024-9-15 09:15
[一代综师]【人文】观展寻宝系列游记之十二：定州博物馆、青州博物馆 --1[100P]
[size=1]这是博物馆系列游记的“收官之作”，内容是两座县级博物馆。前面一路寻访，见识了国字号、省市级博物馆的“高大上”，也对文博体系最基层的县级博物馆产生了好奇。藏品多不多、质量高不高、布展美不美、服务好不好？带着这样的疑问，2024年8月下旬利用周末时间，来到河北定州、山东青州，在小地方看到了大文物，多件镇馆之宝令人难忘，县级博物馆的“天花板”名不虚传。[/size]
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[size=1]出发之前很纠结，两家都是国家一级博物馆，连续多年蝉联百强榜单，到底哪一家最值得去？定州博物馆号称“河北省第二大馆”，拥有一级文物107件（套），其中两件国宝禁止出国（境）展览，是国内唯二有禁止出境展览文物的县级馆（另一家是杭州市临安区博物馆）。青州博物馆是首批83家国家一级博物馆中唯一的县级馆，素有“小大博物馆”之称，拥有一级文物143件（套），其中明代赵秉忠殿试状元卷为海内外孤本。思来想去，两座城市相距不远，都有高铁通达，索性一视同仁、每家都到。参观之后觉得，两家旗鼓相当、难分伯仲，定州馆的汉代玉器及金饰、北朝至隋唐白石造像、宋金时期定窑白瓷，青州馆的汉代彩陶、元青花瓷器、佛教造像“青州微笑”等，有特色、有看头。如果非要一比高下，有待各位实地体察、亲自评判。[/size]
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[size=1]定州博物馆位于河北省保定定州市中山路，紧邻开元寺塔、贡院、文庙、晏阳初故居四大文保单位。馆藏文物5万多件，其中国宝文物3件（东汉龙螭衔环乳钉纹青玉璧、东汉透雕神仙故事玉座屏、北宋定窑白釉刻花龙首净瓶），珍贵文物965件。常设展览6个：汉家陵阙、北朝佛陀、金翠明珠、尘外千年、天下大白、故乡星空。[/size]
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[size=1]展览大楼高四层，融合台地、坡屋顶、斗拱等元素，富有传统建筑风格。展厅集中在二楼、三楼，二楼是汉家陵阙、北朝佛陀、金翠明珠，三楼是尘外千年、天下大白、故乡星空。[/size]
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[size=1]二楼序厅的锻铜浮雕，高约九米，宽约六米，集定州三大文化特色于一体：玉璧代表中山文化，佛首和天王力士代表佛教文化，瓷器代表定瓷文化。[/size]
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[size=1]先到“汉家陵阙”展厅，参观定州汉墓群出土的文物。三件国宝文物中的两件（乳钉纹青玉璧、透雕神仙故事玉座屏）在这里展陈。[/size]
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[size=1]定州是历史文化名城，战国时期中山国在此定都，汉代刘邦沿袭秦制设中山郡。公元前154年，汉景帝刘启封第九子刘胜为中山王，改中山郡为中山国，以卢奴（今定州）为首府，辖14县、60多万户，自此两汉十七代中山王绵延达329年之久，遗留了大量汉墓。后发掘出土一批金器、银器、玉器、陶器以及车马兵器，包括掐丝金辟邪兽、银缕玉衣、透雕神仙故事玉座屏等珍品。[/size]
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[size=1]展厅名“汉家陵阙”来自李白《忆秦娥》“乐游原上清秋节，咸阳古道音尘绝。音尘绝，西风残照，汉家陵阙”，字体是集西汉中山怀王刘修墓出土的竹简文字。[/size]
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[size=1]↗陶楼（东汉）。陶楼是缩小版的亭台楼阁，体现了当时的思想观念，一是“事死如事生”，在墓葬中再映现实生活场景；二是崇尚高台，通过高楼实现升仙登天愿望。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0i12000ffc7jic96DC_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0i12000ffc7jic96DC_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗龙柄方形涂朱陶匜（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1g12000ffbgqshA477_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1g12000ffbgqshA477_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗贴铺首衔环陶釜甑（西汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0712000ffbhbya9AEE_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0712000ffbhbya9AEE_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓茧形弦纹带盖陶壶（西汉）。又称“鸭蛋壶”。腹部呈横向长椭圆状，暗刻弦纹装饰，“小口广腹”的造型使其容积大但不易倾覆，常用来盛水和酒。[/size]
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[size=1]茧形壶古代还被用作“军事雷达”，探测敌军位置。《墨子·备穴》记载：“令陶者为罂，容四十斗以上，固幎之以薄革，置井中，使聪耳者伏罂而听之，审知穴之所在，凿穴迎之”。就是将坛口用薄皮蒙紧放入深井中，选派听力敏锐的士兵伏地倾听。通过远方骑兵的马蹄声，可预测敌军动向。罂（yīng）指小口大腹的陶坛，成语“伏罂而听”由此而来。[/size]
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[size=1]↗灰陶持物俑（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2u12000ffcu8e1F6BA_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2u12000ffcu8e1F6BA_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗绿釉红陶厨师俑（东汉）。双袖高挽，面带笑容，正操刀切鱼。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6r12000ffbi01yE76C_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6r12000ffbi01yE76C_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗鎏金嵌贝瑞兽席镇（西汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0712000ffbhs4cB03E_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0712000ffbhs4cB03E_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗镂空龙凤纹人物铜带钩（西汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1q12000ffbgme0243F_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1q12000ffbgme0243F_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗青铜棺椁轮（西汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0m12000ffbhkf87AEF_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0m12000ffbhkf87AEF_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗五连盏青铜灯（西汉）[/size]
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[size=1]↗双烟管羊形青铜灯（西汉）。高39厘米。由空心炉、烟管、灯盘、灯罩组成。鼎形炉外壁有羊形图案，三足为单膝跪地的胡人形象。构件可以拆卸，灯光可以调节，烟尘通过烟管排入球状腹内。照明、排烟原理与雁鱼铜灯、长信宫灯一样，体现了古人的环保理念。[/size]
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[size=1]↗刘修墓竹简（西汉）。1973年中山怀王刘修墓中出土了一批先秦时代的竹简，涉及《论语》《礼记》等内容。经整理发现，这些珍贵文献和当今流传的颇有不同，对研究和校对古代典籍、鉴定真伪、更正谬误具有重要参考价值。[/size]
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[size=1]↗银缕玉衣（东汉）。以1969年出土于中山穆王刘畅墓的玉衣片和连接玉片的银线为基础修复而成。[/size]
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[size=1]↑↓掐丝镶嵌金辟邪（东汉）。刘畅墓出土。共两只，一只为双角的辟邪，高3.3厘米、长3.7厘米，重9.7克；一只单角的天禄，高3.1厘米、长3.9厘米，重8.4克。虽然很小、很轻，但非常精致。采用焊接、掐丝、缠绕技法，以金片捏制成型。张口露齿，四肢前伸，长尾拖地，作昂首阔步状。体表满饰金粟粒，嵌红玛瑙、绿松石。[/size]
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[size=1]辟邪寓意祛除邪恶，天禄意指天降福禄，都象征吉祥美好。定州博物馆展厅大楼门口的两只石狮，原型就来自这两只瑞兽。[/size]
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[size=1]↗掐丝镶嵌金龙头（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0t12000fff9s519442_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0t12000fff9s519442_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗长方形金箔饰、四神金箔饰（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3q12000ffm1y28DEFD_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3q12000ffm1y28DEFD_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗鱼形金箔饰（东汉）。这是一条真正的“金鱼”耶～[/size]
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[size=1]↑↓龙螭衔环乳钉纹青玉璧（东汉）。刘畅墓出土。国宝文物。通高30.5厘米，厚约1.1厘米。目前我国发现的最大最完整的高古玉璧。由整块新疆和田青玉雕琢而成，用料巨大，琢磨规整，纹饰疏密有致，造型古朴大方。[/size]
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[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3p12000fffed342A60_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3p12000fffed342A60_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]璧之内、外边缘为素面宽带。上部透雕龙螭衔环钮，两侧分别透雕一龙一螭，龙螭口、鼻、眼、耳及足均以阴线勾勒。璧面以浮雕技法饰规整谷纹。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6t12000fffeez8F578_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6t12000fffeez8F578_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0m12000fffeezb28D4_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0m12000fffeezb28D4_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5f12000fffd0dp6EE4_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5f12000fffd0dp6EE4_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5x12000fffe7gaF904_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5x12000fffe7gaF904_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4112000fffcys225D6_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4112000fffcys225D6_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓透雕神仙故事玉座屏（东汉）。刘畅墓出土。禁止出国（境）展览文物。目前发现最早的也是唯一的玉座屏。高16.9厘米，长15.6厘米。由上下左右四块新疆和田玉屏片接插而成。中间两屏片略呈半月形，透雕人物、鸟兽纹饰，两端有榫插入左右屏片；上屏片正中为“西王母”，分发高髻，凭几端坐，旁有羽人、朱雀、狐狸、三足乌等；下屏片正中为“东王公”，发后梳，凭几端坐，旁有羽人及熊、玄武等。左右两屏片为连璧形，分别透雕一龙。玉屏在文献中多有记载，但出土实物目前仅此一件。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0912000fffeulmF79C_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0912000fffeulmF79C_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1p12000fffcw8oE0CE_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1p12000fffcw8oE0CE_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]上屏片正中为西王母形象，下屏片正中为东王公形象。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6m12000fffdjt403BB_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6m12000fffdjt403BB_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3d12000ffgm5sh0CE1_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3d12000ffgm5sh0CE1_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]左右两屏片各雕一龙[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2m12000fffdim79889_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2m12000fffdim79889_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4412000ffjke7r6738_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4412000ffjke7r6738_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗青玉透雕蟠螭纹韘形佩（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3o12000ffjkk6c6D2D_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3o12000ffjkk6c6D2D_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗玉舞人（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0f12000ffjkb7q6C1F_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0f12000ffjkb7q6C1F_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗刚卯（东汉）。佩在身上用以辟邪的饰物。长形四方体，有孔可穿绳，四面刻有驱鬼愕疫的文字，首句常作“正月刚卯既央”，故名。与另一种辟邪饰物“严卯”合称“双卯”，流行于汉代，依等级用玉、犀、象牙、金或桃木制成，魏晋后少见。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6h12000ffjkqe93192_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6h12000ffjkqe93192_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗猪形石握（东汉）。“握”也称“手握”或“握手”，是逝者手中所握之物，材质有骨、蚌、石、玉、丝织物等。古人心目中猪象征财富，以猪为手握，寄托了对来生富裕生活的向往。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6f12000ffjkninEFC5_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6f12000ffjkninEFC5_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗画像砖（东汉）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6q12000ffk8mtw315A_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6q12000ffk8mtw315A_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]“北朝佛陀”展厅展陈北朝时期出自定州的佛教造像，较有特色的是北齐至隋代广泛流行的双佛像、双观世音像、双思惟菩萨像等。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1412000ffkarko018A_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1412000ffkarko018A_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗自来佛首（北齐）。自来佛立像位于定州城东北，佛首1960年代遭到破坏，后经修复收藏于此，佛身仍留在原址，并重做佛首安放。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0412000ffkb57wF5D9_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0412000ffkb57wF5D9_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗背屏式一佛二菩萨三尊像（北魏）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0212000ffklud63EFE_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0212000ffklud63EFE_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗武定元年吴易造观世音像（东魏）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5s12000ffkqn1a663D_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5s12000ffkqn1a663D_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗武定七年菀山相造菩萨像（东魏）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5w12000ffklpv2D541_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5w12000ffklpv2D541_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗兴和四年造菩萨像（东魏）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3r12000ffkuai6ECD4_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3r12000ffkuai6ECD4_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗彩绘弟子像（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0o12000ffku2epEC3F_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0o12000ffku2epEC3F_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗佛像底座（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3l12000ffl5o1v0AE1_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3l12000ffl5o1v0AE1_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗菩萨残像（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0712000ffktvrtD0E9_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0712000ffktvrtD0E9_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]展厅内很多文物残缺不全，这与佛教在中国的曲折发展历程有关。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0m12000ffktucyEF7E_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0m12000ffktucyEF7E_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]中国历史上曾发生四次大规模灭佛运动，被称为“三武一宗”法难：北魏太武帝灭佛、北周武帝灭佛、唐武宗灭佛、后周世宗灭佛，每次都大规模拆除寺庙，遣返僧人还俗，使佛教一度衰落。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3012000ffkvmecDEB0_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3012000ffkvmecDEB0_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5112000ffl5rno319F_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5112000ffl5rno319F_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓观世音菩萨立像（东魏—北齐）。这尊较完整，细节很清楚。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5v12000ffl56le2365_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5v12000ffl56le2365_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0l12000ffkman5C052_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0l12000ffkman5C052_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗天保五年菀方和造双菩萨立像（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0212000ffklujmF56B_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0212000ffklujmF56B_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗武平元年博野县菀元暮造双释迦多宝像（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3p12000ffl54yhFFE3_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3p12000ffl54yhFFE3_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗双观世音菩萨立像（北齐—隋）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6t12000ffl5rns57E5_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6t12000ffl5rns57E5_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗双观世音菩萨立像（北齐—隋）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2612000ffl5ao416B5_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2612000ffl5ao416B5_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓天统四年菀方州造双思惟菩萨像（北齐）。高26厘米。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3j12000fflqsc39DE9_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3j12000fflqsc39DE9_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]思惟菩萨造像源自公元二至三世纪印度西北的犍陀罗，兴盛于我国南北朝。菩萨形象为头略低垂，坐在柱形座上，两手分别托腮、抚足，两足一屈盘、一低垂，表现的是在菩提树下“悟道”的场景。造像类型有单思惟菩萨、双思惟菩萨、思惟菩萨与二弟子、思惟菩萨与二弟子二菩萨等。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6r12000ffl5v20403B_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6r12000ffl5v20403B_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗双思惟菩萨二弟子像（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5o12000ffl4ij7AD27_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5o12000ffl4ij7AD27_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗供养菩萨像（北齐—隋）。被誉为“东方维纳斯”，可惜外借展出。从图片可见菩萨广额丰颐，舒眉秀目，双臂上扬，双手合十，显示出安静文雅的神态。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2512000fflsf593089_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2512000fflsf593089_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗武平二年田子湏彩绘双思惟菩萨像底座（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1312000fflzby93E93_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1312000fflzby93E93_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗天王造像底座（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4h12000ffltcwn936A_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4h12000ffltcwn936A_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗菩萨头像（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3x12000fflynt6F1F6_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3x12000fflynt6F1F6_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗佛手（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0b12000fflse4c0F31_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0b12000fflse4c0F31_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓石幢（北齐）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6w12000fflu1pt98D8_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6w12000fflu1pt98D8_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2j12000ffm86f9656C_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2j12000ffm86f9656C_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]“金翠明珠”展厅展陈馆藏各类首饰，涵盖金、银、玉等材质，凤冠、钗、带钩、戒指等类别。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0j12000ffm7pja315A_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0j12000ffm7pja315A_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓鎏金点翠嵌宝“诰命”龙凤冠（清）。以掐丝点翠工艺制成，分为上下三层。底圈为九只凤鸟，鸟身嵌红宝石并衔长流苏；凤鸟之上是二龙戏珠；再上面为两位仙人。冠顶正中书“圣旨”二字，上有“奉天诰命”四个字牌。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1212000ffmb51fA118_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf1212000ffmb51fA118_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4z12000ffm7i1qA48F_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4z12000ffm7i1qA48F_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6w12000ffmeknmF289_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf6w12000ffmeknmF289_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗錾花卉纹金钗（辽）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0t12000ffm9vbo1124_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0t12000ffm9vbo1124_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗鎏金篮花纹银簪（清）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4w12000ffm9kpc0B66_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4w12000ffm9kpc0B66_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗鎏金凤首银簪（辽）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4p12000ffma9sr4B68_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4p12000ffma9sr4B68_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗镶玉木梳（民*国）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5c12000ffmiq2s2A82_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf5c12000ffmiq2s2A82_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗花卉纹烧蓝耳挖银钗（民*国）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4712000ffmkpkaF19E_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4712000ffmkpkaF19E_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓鎏金花卉鱼虾纹银扁方（民*国）。扁方是满族妇女梳旗头时插饰的一种扁平一字形大簪。[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4512000ffmkexk94B2_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4512000ffmkexk94B2_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4x12000ffmnl5a5C24_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4x12000ffmnl5a5C24_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↗镂空“吉”字盘长纹耳挖玉簪（清）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4912000ffmofg843FE_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf4912000ffmofg843FE_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1]↑↓鎏金花朵纹点翠银钗、花鸟纹点翠银钗（清）[/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3312000ffmri9cE780_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf3312000ffmri9cE780_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0j12000ffmnk7e395A_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf0j12000ffmnk7e395A_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1][url=https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2812000ffmnfvxBA9F_R_1024_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient][img]https://dimg04.c-ctrip.com/images/1mf2812000ffmnfvxBA9F_R_800_10000_Q90.jpg?proc=autoorient[/img][/url][/size]
[size=1] ↑↓鎏金花蝶纹点翠银钗、花卉纹点翠银头饰（清[/size]
[[i] 本帖最后由 abcd5836 于 2024-9-16 04:09(GMT+8) 编辑 [/i]]